John Browning’s M1911 Was Patented on Valentine’s Day

It reads like an ordinary patent. A citizen of the United States, living in Weber County, Utah, has invented “certain new and useful improvements in firearms.” No fanfare. No grand claims. Just a statement of fact. Yet those lines would lead to a sidearm that rode in the holsters of American troops from the muddy trenches of World War I to the jungles of Vietnam, and into the hands of special operations units long after it was officially replaced.

On February 14, 1911, U.S. Patent No. 984,519 was issued to a quiet Ogden man: John Moses Browning. The document itself is dry and formal. But the words in its opening lines carry weight. That preamble marks the birth of the pistol that would become the Colt M1911.

The 1911 was carried by Marines on Pacific islands, paratroopers in Normandy, tunnel rats in Southeast Asia, and contractors on dusty roads half a century later. Steel, .45 caliber, and built to work when everything else had gone wrong.

Its entire history can be traced back to that one page, stamped and filed on a cold February day in 1911.